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Patented Sept. 4, 1928.

UNITED STATESY DORSEY F. ASBURY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE OF THE ROTATING-CYLINDER TYPE.

Application led May 13,

My invent-ionv relates to explosive engines of the rotating cylindertype. and more particularly it relates to an engine of this type inwhichthe cylinderand crank shaft are 5 both disposed at an angle totheplane defined by any point of the cylinder during rotation thereof,whereby independent shafts or members may be driven from the cylinderand `crank shaft, respectively, and whereby i movement of the crankshaft may be converted into various different motions without the use ofgearing or similar devices. Furthermore, it is a purpose of my inventionto produce an engine of the rotating cylinder l type in which the crankshaft is disposed at an angle tothe axis of rotation of the cylinder anditself does not rotate but` swings in a conical path, and in addition toits swinging movement has only pivotal movement with respect to theengine frame, whereby a shaft or member may be driven clockwise,counter-clockwise or reciprocally. By arranging the cylinder at an angleother than a right angle to its axis of rotation I am enabled to providean air cooled engine the explosion chamber end of which moves in an airspace unobstructed by any other part of the engine, whereby full coolingadvantage of theatmosphere is obtained. In

addition to the foregoing my invention permits of an engine design inwhich the axis of rotation of the cylinder is disposed intermediate thelimits of movement of the piston, whereby the centrifugal force produced:i5 by. the piston is to a considerable extent eliminated, andiwherebysuch centrifugal force as may be set up in the piston is to a majorextent balanced by the centrifugal force produced by the crank shaft.

ment in a variety of mechanical structures, certain of which areillustrated inthe accompanying drawings, but it is tobe understood thatthe structures shown are merely intended to disclose the essentialfeatures of my invention :in a. preferred form and that its scope is asdefined in the appended claims.

In the drawings, wherein like characters of reference denotecorresponding parts in :3o the` different views- Fig. 1 is a verticalsection through an internal lcombustion engine constructed in accordancewith my invention, showing the position of its pgirtsnpon complet-ifmIl@ of the strette of. the pieten My inventive idea is capable ofeinbodf i mounted for rotation.

1921. serial No 469,141.

Fig. 2, a vertical sectional view at right. angles to Fig. 1 with thecylinder shown rotated ninety degrees from the position shown in Fig. 1and a modified arrangement shown whereby motion. of the crank shaft maybe converted into reciliirocating motion to a shaft driven thereby.

Fig. 3, a fragmentary view showing a different arrangement wherebyreciprocating motion may be imparted to a member driven from the crankshaft; and

Figs. et and 5, views taken relatively at right angles and showing anarrangement whereby motion may be imparted from the `crank shaft to amember moving in a direction opposite to the direction of movement ofsaid crank shaft.

Referring to the drawings in detail7 my improved engine is shown asincluding a frame 10 which may be of any desired construction and designand includes a portion 11 having a bore therein in axial alinement witha second bore formed in an extension 12 of the frame suitably spacedfrom said portion 11. At preferably right angles to the axes of thebores just mentioned the frame is provided with a further bore whichrotatably receives the shank 13 of a member including a head 14, theaxis of whichfextends atright angles to the axis of said shank andintersects the axes of said first bores.

My improved engine further includes a cylinder 15, piston 16 and a crankshaft 17. The cylinder 15 is arranged .adjacent the portion 11 of theframe with its axis disposed atan angle other than a right angle to theaxis of the bore in said portion 11, an extension 18 of said cylinderbeing rotatably receivedin `the`bore ofthe portion 11 of the framewhereby the cylinder The axis of the crank shaft 17 is disposed at rightangles to the axis of the cylinder and intersects the axis of rotationof the cylinder in the axis of the shankv 13 and head 14 respectively,being provided with a yoke whereby it is pivotally connected with a pin19 carried axially of the head 14. NVith respectto the-frame the crankshaft is thus mounted for universal pivoted movement and when thecylinder is rotated the axis of said cra-nk shaft will travelirraconical, path as is obvious.

Y .'Rotatably' mol'mted in the bore' of the, 'tension 1r? the frame isshaft il@ which.

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has fixed to its inner end a member 2l having a bore therein disposed atan angle to the axis off'saidjshaft, and 'rotatably re cei'ved in thisbor'eis an extension 22 ofthe crank shaft, whereby swinging'or'conicalmmovementotv thelcranl shaft will result 1nl rotation of tlie'sha'ft 2 0in a manner which is apparent, the `crankshatt during .its 'coni' calmovement, pivoting pin 19.

In Fig. 4 of the drawings is illustrated an arrangement wherebyconicalmovement of on the shank 13 and Athe crank,A shaft' in one`direction may' be caused to :transniit rotary motion to a shaft in areverse direction. lThe"arran'gfen'ient shown 'consists of'a secondyol're-member ,plvoted ony t-he same pin` which also serves as apivot'orftheV `yoke of the crank shaft, said second `yoke member beingprovided with a'shaft'ektension disposed at an obtuse "angle to thecrank' shaftfand" Yconneetedby a member 21 withj the 'shalt desired tobe rotatedatfThe laction inithis `'ease is the re- 'verseuot`thatresulting from the structurev @shown 1n so vthat if the crank` shaftvswings clock-wisefthe 'shaft driven there- ,from willrotatecounter-cloclwise;

"edsair space of its own `whereby the lull cooling-eifeot'aridcirculation of air around lthisend of the icylinder vis obtained.: iInorder tobvercome'to a'consi'derable eX-i By arranging thef'cylinderIat an angle .other than: a right angley to its axis el rotation'it isapparent that the explosion chamher endth'ereof will rotate in aniunobstructtent fthe centrifugal force'set'up in the cylinmassoi metal 24in such manner thatJ substantially ,equal masses. ot the rotating 'parts."ofthev engi-ne will' be' found jupon'jopp'osite :sideso-itszaxiaofrotation, whereby the engine is balanced, `and its smoothl operationassuredc ;Furthermore, it is to be observed 'thatthe ,arlisfof rotationbf `theqeylinder is "disposed `intermediate thelimitsv of f move-.'rnentiofI the piston, which also'assists in balancingthe engine.

` ,.1 Gonical -rn'otioniof the crank shaft maybe onvertedrfinto irc'eciprocal` motion rto al` shaft or. member` byt'eitlier ofthemechanisms .shownfin `.ITiguresfQ and 3Q Inihe former instance the7structure is 'the ssaine p as 'shown'I from the head fifi-"andconnected at'its yend ce @withA a slidihg'bloclr 26 mounted. in"suitable guideway V27 Pivotal movement of the head `14 during conicalmovement of the f crank shaft will oscillate the arm 25 and reciprocatefthe,blockas is obvious. the latter mstaneeahnkQS 1sconnected'f/itone "the 4frame an d having' coincident with theaXis of;rotation o the off'tlieibore" of said.

end to the pin 19 and at its opposite end to a member 294desired to bereciprocated, and

when the head'l` is oscillated reciproca 'tory motion" will be impartedto the member 29 'through the link 28.

` A pulley 3 0 `may b e fixed to the cylinder so that a belt may bedriven from the engine for operating;v any desired mechanism.

The engine illustrated is oi the two cycle type 'and' the' pistonoi'ierates by reaction through Vthe non-rotatable crank shaft toVproduce 'rotary motion of thecylinderf Further detailed description ofmy invention is ltherefore l deemed unnecessary.'

1.4`I'n an engine structure, a frame, arotat! able cyl'indeigfa shaftrotatably Vmountsd on its axis 4oif rotation cylinder, 'a crankshaft'inclined to the axis ot rotation 6i" the cylinder rand.4cdni're'cted with the rotatablegsha'ft on" the 4'traniefand i universaljoint connection "betweehmthe chank sliaftand said fframel 2.Aniene/,Zine including arotatable'cylin- 'acting to prevent'rotation blsaid crankshaft whereby the pistoniacts 'through thesa'me t'oproducerotary mdtion'o'f theI cylinder. i 3. An engine including fa'fr"ame'arotatablev cylinder, a crankshaft,"afm'emb'e'rotatably mounted in" saidtrarne, ftli'e axisfof rotatioILo` said member being, at Ian`alii1letoand intersectintig" the axis' of rotatieri,of`y said cylinderandl ai pivotal connection between they Acrank shaftarfd said member."4. `An 'engineiiicluding'afratrie, 'a' rotatable cylinder,L a era'nl'rshaftfasmember'frotatably 4mounted iii Asaid frame, the "aXis of'rotation' of said member intersecting the airis otrotation ofsaidcylinder, and a rotatable connection between5 th'fecrank shat'and lsaidmember ony an akisintersec'tingjbotl the 'airis ofrotation ofsfaidneinber aiidthe'airisl'of rotation of tliecylidr. i 5. yAnenzfinelv ol the reciprocating piston typev in cfludingla cylinder' land a movable crank shalt, Athe airisf of said :crank'shaft beingdisposed iat right angles td the Caxis A Cylinder; and? mountingsaldcylmder or rotation about an axisldisp'osed atan angle to the axis,of sa'id fcranl'r shaft vsuolil that'tlienax'isof said crank` `shaftis"caused to ytravelin a eonicalifpjth during rotationol'giilieicylinder.

6@ engine dfi the 'reciprocating `piston type including avcylinder,"z'tfpiston reciprocable therein, and y'means' mountiiigsaidcylinder for the rotation about an disp'osedV at an `angle to thev axisoits bore such that the axisof its bore `is caused to travelina conicalpath during rotation of the cylinder, the axis on which said cylinderrotates ,im1 y tersecting the axis of the bore of said cylinder at apoint intermediate the limits of movement of said piston within saidcylinder.

7. An engine of the reciprocating piston type including a cylinder and amovable crank shaft, the axis of said crank shaft being disposed atright angles to the axis of the bore of said cylinder, and meansmounting said cylinder for rotation about an axis disposed at an angleto the axis of its bore such that the axis of its bore and the axis ofsaid crank shaft are caused to travel in conical paths during rotationof the cylinder, the axis of said crank shaft intersecting the axis ofrotation of said cylinder.

8. An engine of the reciprocating piston type including a cylinder,means to cause said cylinder to rotate about a fixed axis duringoperation of the engine, the axis of the bore of said cylinder being`disposed at an angle between O and 90 to its axis of rot-ation and theaxis of rotation of said cylinder intersecting the axis of its borebetween the ends of the cylinder, whereby different points along thelength of the cylinder travel in different planes during its rotationand whereby the centrifugal force set up in one end of the cylinderduring its rotation is substantially balanced by the centrifugal r.

force set up in the other end thereof.

9. An engine of the reciprocating piston type including a frame, acylinder having a fixed axis of rota-tion disposed at an angle between 0and 90o to the axis of the bore thereof, a crank shaft, and a connectionbetween said crank shaft and said frame holding said crank shaft againstrotation and permitting same to swing, whereby the cylinder is caused torotate about its fixed axis of rotation and to produce movement of saidcrank shaft in a conical path during operation of the engine.

10. An engine of the reciprocating piston type includinga cylinder, acrank shaft havingl its axis disposed at right angles to the axis ofsaid cylinder, a fixed support, and a connection between said crankshaft and said fixed support holding the crank shaft against rotationwhereby the cylinder is caused to rotate on a fixed axis duringoperation of the engine, the axis of said cylinder being disposed at anangle between O and 90 to its axis of rotation.

signature.

DORSEY F. ASBURY.

